Over Medicating Children - 832 Words

meHasan Akber English 1302 Professor Carlton Downey January 18, 2012 Overmedicating Children Five year old Jacob Solomon was first suffering from deficit disorder for which he was put on medication, later he was put on more medication for over five years to control different side effects by each medicine; due to the prescriptions Jacob developed tics in his neck which was a side effect of all the medications. He still took more and more tablets to cover up side effects from the first one without solving his initial disorder. Jacob and millions of kids like him in America today are put on medications by psychiatrist; medications which are so powerful that even adults think twice about taking them due to their side effects. Are we†¦show more content†¦Dialectical behavior therapy which is performed by talking to the patients usually people with borderline personality disorder or people with suicidal thoughts. Family therapy is another way where a patient s family is involved and is treated as a unit to figure out if the problem persist due to h ome environment. Group therapy is where a small group of patients meet regularly to talk, interact, and discuss problems with each other and the group leader. Also popular among kids is play therapy used to help them express or act out their experiences, feelings, and problems by playing with dolls, toys, and other play material. Under the guidance or observation of a therapist, psychodynamic psycho therapy that assumes dysfunctional or unwanted behavior is caused by unconscious, internal conflicts and focuses on gaining insight into these motivations etc. Often the medication prescribed by psychiatrist to children are for adults and are very powerful. A number of psychiatrist on many occasions have admitted that most medications prescribed to children are only tested on adults and they have no idea what the consequence could be on children and on their future. Most parents have no clue and trust the doctor with their children s wellbeing . An example could be Jacob Solomon who deve loped tics in his neck due to the medication he was taking over a span of five years. A girl in OhioShow MoreRelatedThe Debate Over Medicating Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder2772 Words   |  12 PagesOver the past several decades, highly skilled professionals have attempted to address several issues regarding antipsychotic drugs used to treat school-aged children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The distribution of these ADHD medications have steadily increased over the years, which has, on one hand, presented a possible solution to the escalating diagnosis of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, and on the latter, brought into question the ethics and effectiveness ofRead More Medicating Young Minds Essay1335 Words   |  6 PagesMedicating Young Minds In the article, â€Å"Medicating Young Minds†, which was published in Time magazine, dated November 3, 2003, it is stated that using stimulant medication on the youth is harmful. The articles author, Jeffrey Kluger, states that society must find alternative ways to treat young people for problems such as; ADD, ADHD, depression, anxiety, etc. Jeffrey Klugers argument is not very persuasive for various reasons: their ill-logical beliefs, their sarcastic tones, theirRead MorePsychology And Medication : Are Children Being Misdiagnosed And Over Medicated1334 Words   |  6 Pages Psychology and Medication: Are children being misdiagnosed and over medicated. Medicating Children is not the Right Thing to do There are many types of people who may have Attention Deficit Disorder, also known as ADD/ADHD, which is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. ADD is defined as learning disorder affecting children, adolescents, and some adults. Common symptoms of ADD are learning and behavioral difficulties as well as the typical problem of ADHD, hyperactivity. Males are more likelyRead MoreKen Robinson s The Current Education System863 Words   |  4 PagesIndustrial Revolution, which was based largely on agricultural and urban advancements. As Robinson mentions, every community wants their children to be prepared for the current economic opportunities and carry a cultural legacy, but that’s hard to do when our current system isn’t cohesive to today’s circumstances. â€Å"People are trying to work out how we educate our children to their place in the economies of the 21st century.† (Robinson, RSAnimate) There isn’t just one issue with our current education systemRead MoreBeing Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd ) Essay1706 Words   |  7 Pagesfighting over medicating their children. We hear so much about the raise in medication and think about our own childhood where the children were not taking medication or labeled as having Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). But what a lot of us don’t know is that it was always with us. Lack of knowledge is a part of the reason for our debate over medication. In this review we will look at the pros and cons to medicating children. Before we liked to label them as bad children exhibitingRead MoreIs Adhd over-Diagnosed Among School Children1409 Words   |  6 PagesIs ADHD Over-diagnosed Among School Children? After reading the review, (Is ADHD over-diagnosed among school children?) by C. Collins, I am in agreement with T. E. Elder in that yes, ADHD is over-diagnosed. I chose to accompany the review by C. Collins with the article, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, which originated from the Facts on File; Issues and Controversies Database. After reading both the review and the article I highly believe that ADHD is definitely over-diagnosed. In theRead MoreWhat Do You Agree With Gatto That Compulsory Schooling? Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagesagree with Gatto that compulsory schooling has the effect of creating conformity and obedience to authority? At the start of 2016’s new school year, approximately 60.4 million children will attend public elementary and secondary schools in America (National Centre for Education Statistics, 26 July 2007. Web). With so many children going through compulsory education every year, it is important to ask questions about the purpose, structure and success of the education system, so people can be made awareRead MoreAdhd : A Better Safe Than Sorry874 Words   |  4 PagesThe â€Å"better safe than sorry† mentality leads to over diagnosis in adolescent ADHD furthermore causing the concern of overprescribing of medication as treatment and â€Å"overly managing† the disorder. Approximately 4.6 million children between age 6 and 17 received a diagnosis of ADHD, and over half of them (59%) were given medication (Parens and Johnston, 2009). Some of the usual prescribed medicines to those with ADHD is that of Ritalin and Adderall – drugs that are classified in the same catego ry asRead MoreChildren Should Be Safe For Children901 Words   |  4 PagesStatistics notices the U.S.A children about 7.5 percent between 6 and 17 years old to take medication for their disease.1 Also, these kids can take many drugs; it can be reduce their pain at this moment. However, their parents can see these symptoms after overmedicated with their children so that these medications need to be safe for the children. Parents need to ensure the correct dose to avoid memory loss of children. Besides, the parents need to consider the overmedicated children when they take care ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Methylphenidate On Children And Youth940 Words   |  4 Pagesdetermine the effects it has on the brain as well as, the tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal with being prescribed Ritalin. Within these studies, the effectiveness of Ritalin on children and youth are considered. This research has shown that Ritalin has a negative impact on health, it is over prescribed towards child ren, and if it is actually necessary. Ritalin has been said to help youth with their Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, there have been minimal studies to show

Agriculture Is The Basis Of The World’S Food Supply. In

Agriculture is the basis of the world’s food supply. In some areas of the world challenges presented by geography, climate, economic instability and government regulations cause agriculture to fall short of the needs of the population. Today hunger affects people throughout the world, and aid and relief programs are not meeting the entirety of demonstrated need. Localized agricultural standard worldwide are the key to a sustainable and geopolitical solution to world hunger. Undernutrition as a result of hunger causes a deficiency of key nutrients which leads to severe health complications. The World Health Organization (WHO) classified vitamin A deficiency as a health problem for one third of children of ages up to 5 years old in 2013,†¦show more content†¦Recently, financial and economic crises have pushed more people into hunger.† Government policies, even those not concerning hunger issues, are leading to increased problems in agricultural production. The effects of the policies often have monetary implications, which leads to the inability to obtain food, and are not always directly related to farming. Since agriculture is the main local combatant of hunger these policies are extremely harmful to the local populations. In The State of Food Insecurity in the World by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, provided a case study on Ghana which states: â€Å"Ghana’s currency lost about 30 percent of its value†¦ means higher import costs for food, fuel and fertilizers, as well as higher debt repayments...Household purchasing power has been reduced as a result of lower prices for selected cash crops, declining remittances and rising inflation, including of food prices.† Financial depressions severely affects any person s ability to obtain food. In countries where agriculture is difficult and on the decline already, new measures need to be taken. Agricultural challenges in certain regions (especially Sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean and Asia) correlate with poverty and hunger rates . In the How to Feed the World publication, The special challenge for sub-Saharan Africa, itShow MoreRelatedThomas Hardin And Julian L. Simon s The Tragedy Of The Commons935 Words   |  4 Pagesrapid increase in the world’s population. Many viewpoints on this debate exist, and two views in particular contradict each other. These viewpoints include those of Garret Hardin and Julian L. Simon. Hardin’s view is expressed in â€Å"The Tragedy of the Commons,† and Simon’s in â€Å"More People, Greater Wealth, More Resources, Healthier Environment.† These debate problems and solutions of the growing population, including the use of natural resources in order to supply the world’s growing population. Read MoreHunger in Haiti1435 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Haiti is a small Caribbean country with serious hunger problem for many years. 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Monopolistically Competitive Markets

Question: Write a Report on Pricing Stategy of your Choosen Company. Answer: Introduction Economic analysis is quite important in pertaining the prising strategies that are to be associated by a firm. It helps the firms to arrive at the proper execution of strategies, thereby maintaining their business in the market. The pricing strategies associated to a firm depend upon its competitive market. The magnitude of competitiveness in the market helps in analysing the policies and the plans to be executed, under which the particular referred firm would survive in the market (Nikaido 2015). In order to analyse the market, it is quite necessary to understand the type of market in which the firm prevails. There are two forms of market, namely, perfect competitive market and imperfectly competitive. Each market has its own attributes depending upon which the optimum price in the market is charged. In order to analyse the pricing strategy of such market, in this report the case of monopolistically competitive market have been taken into consideration. Monopolistically competitive markets are a type of imperfectly competitive market, where each firm has close substitutes to each other (Haaland and Venables 2016). To analyse the market in an extensive way, McDonalds have been chosen s the appropriate firm to be taken into consideration. The framework of the report has been divided into subparts, where the next section deals with the background of the company. It provides the details of McDonalds regarding its products and the competitors in the market. Following that section is the economic analysis, where the attributes of the company has been explained related to the monopolistically competitive market. The demand curve analysis is stated for that particular firm followed by the pricing strategies faced by the firm. This would help in deriving the optimum price in which the company must sell its products. Background of the Company Company Background - McDonalds is one of the oldest fast food chain originated in America since the year 1940. The organization has done business internationally with its wide varieties of food products. McDonalds has extensive fast food products to be offered to the consumers, where it faces a favourable demand among them. The firm has been quite flexible with the change in the habits of the consumers. In response to the changing tastes of the consumers, it has adopted new products along with its old ones. This has provided the consumers to select from a wide range of product to be offered by the company. Business Objectives the business objective of mcdonalds is to be the favourite place for the consumers in the fast food industry. In order to achieve this aim they have created a global strategy plan. This global strategy plan is called the the plan to win. This plan focuses on creating customer experience. Mcdonalds has a total market share of 21.7% worldwide, in the fast food industry. The annual sales for the year 2016 were 24.62 billion for the organization globally. Competing Companies - Being in the fast food chain business internationally, McDonalds faces tough competition from numerous other organizations such as, burger king, KFC, pizza hut and wendys. These firms are equally popular among the consumers worldwide as mcdonalds. Competing Products- being in the fast food industry, all the products of the firm are quite competitive in nature. all the competitors of the firm sell products that are closed substitutes of each other. Company Strategies - in order to attain the objective of the firm, mcdonalds implements various pricing strategies that would help them in obtaining a sustained price for its products. This price would help the firm in giving a tough competition to its competitors and maintaining the demand for the products among the consumers. McDonalds aims at spreading its business worldwide and gaining the market power in the competitive environment. The organization would be successful in attaining its aim by following the pricing strategy schemes associated to the market in which its prevails (McDonalds.com 2017). Economic Analysis Demand Curve Among the various competitive products that are produced in the firm, one of the most popular items among the consumers of mcdonalds is their happy meal boxes. Happy meals are considered as one of the most economical products of the organization that would enable the consumer in choosing many products rather than one. McDonalds uses the strategy of product binding in order to increase their sales of various products as one. Real product data the happy meal product of mcdonalds consists of choice of certain products in a box. It focuses the small children who come to their stores. The choice of the product ranges from country to country. This product has been introduced in the year 1979. Mix of competing and own product volume happy meals of mcdonalds is considered as one of the most vital products of the company that accounts for almost 10% of their revenue. On looking at the popularity of the product, other competitors like burger king has also launched their own happy meal bags. Yet, the popularity of the product has not been able to reach the peak as mcdonalds. In order to attract the customers, the competitors have been successful in maintaining a low price approach. Public data- the demand for happy meals has reduced to a certain extent due to the availability of cheaper competitive products in the market that is equivalent to the level of the referred product. Conversations with experts- on conducting the research work, it is quite vital to attain knowledge from the managerial heads of the firm. the managerial heads has stated their costs of production, fixed and variable costs associated with the product, along with the current prices charged on the product. this has provided with ample information regarding the pricing structure of the firm. The demand curve faced by the monopolistically competitive market is downward sloping. Hence, it could be stated that the demand curve of McDonalds is downward sloping in nature. The demand curve of the firm supports the law of demand. According to the law of demand, as the price of the product increases, the quantity demanded of the product decrease, whereas, as the price of the product falls, its quantity demanded increase, other factors affecting demand remaining constant. The slope of the demand curve faced by McDonalds has several implications (Parenti, Ushchev and Thisse 2017). McDonalds, being a monopolistically competitive firm, aims at maximising its profit when they produce at a level where the marginal costs equals the marginal costs of the firm. With a negatively sloped demand curve, there are chances for the prices to change thereby exceeding the marginal costs (Blanchard and Kiyotaki 2017). This reduces the consumer surplus of the products in the short run. The downward sloping demand curve faced by the firm can be shown in figure 1 below. Pricing Strategies Price Demand (billion) Revenue (billion) Fixed Cost (billion) Variable Cost (billion) Profit (billion) $4.5 80 $360 $50 $162 $148 $4 100 $400 $50 $200 $150 $3.5 120 $420 $50 $270 $100 $3 140 $420 $50 $310 $60 $2.5 162 $405 $50 $350 $5 For a company like McDonalds it is quite essential to set a price of their product that would generate them long run stability. Hence, the price must be set at such a place where they could incur normal profit in the long run. The organization should be efficient enough to compete with the rivals in the market. This would provide them with the incentive of capturing the market and generating sales of their products throughout. Higher prices would make them less competent in nature as there are many more fast food restaurants present around the globe (d'Aspremont, Gabszewicz and Thisse 2013). The pricing strategy to be followed by the firm should be quite efficient in grabbing the attention of the consumers and maintain the loyalty of the consumers towards themselves. Depending upon the table provided above it could be stated that the maximum profit that could be attained would be at the price level $4 per meal pack. Yet, the demand at such a price is quite low for the company. Hence, in order to attain the level at which both the companys profit and the demand for the products could be optimum would be field at $3.5. Conclusion Monopolistically competitive firms are the one who produce goods that are close substitutes of each yet, with some form of product differentiation in them. This provides them with the incentive to charge the price for their product depending upon their market power. Depending upon the demand criteria for the happy meals of mcdonalds and the pricing strategies depending upon such demand values, it could be stated that the maximum sales of the organization would be attained at a point where the price of the product would be the minimum, i.e., $2.5. Yet, this point would not be efficient enough to generate the maximum revenue for the company. The price where mcdonalds would attain the maximum revenue would be fixed at $4. It could be stated that the price point for the firm to attain the minimum cost would be when they would be generating the least products in the market due to decreased demand rate. In order to attain the optimum prevailing price for the products, it could be stated th at the organization must choose $3.5 as the appropriate one. At this price the revenue earned by the firm would be $420 billion, where as their cost would be $320. It would help the organization in achieving a profit of $100 billion, which would be lesser than the profit could have been achieved with greater prices fixed yet, they would attract the demand for the products. References Bertoletti, P. and Etro, F., 2016. Monopolistic competition when income matters.The Economic Journal. Blanchard, O.J. and Kiyotaki, N., 2017. Monopolistic competition and the effects of aggregate demand.The American Economic Review, pp.647-666. d'Aspremont, C., Gabszewicz, J.J. and Thisse, J.F., 2013. On Hotelling's" Stability in competition".Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, pp.1145-1150. Dixit, A.K. and Stiglitz, J.E., 2017. Monopolistic competition and optimum product diversity.The American Economic Review,67(3), pp.297-308. Haaland, J.I. and Venables, A.J., 2016. Optimal trade policy with monopolistic competition and heterogeneous firms.Journal of International Economics,102, pp.85-95. McDonalds.com. (2017). About Us: McDonald's Facts and Story | McDonald's. [online] Available at: https://www.McDonalds.com/us/en-us/about-us.html [Accessed 11 Mar. 2017]. Nikaido, H., 2015.Monopolistic Competition and Effective Demand.(PSME-6). Princeton University Press. Nocco, A., Ottaviano, G.I. and Salto, M., 2014. Monopolistic competition and optimum product selection.The American Economic Review,104(5), pp.304-309. Parenti, M., Ushchev, P. and Thisse, J.F., 2017. Toward a theory of monopolistic competition.Journal of Economic Theory,167, pp.86-115. Spence, M., 2016. Product selection, fixed costs, and monopolistic competition.The Review of economic studies,43(2), pp.217-235.

Using Named Examples, Assess the Effectiveness of Technologicy free essay sample

Leapfrogging involves the technical aspects of implementing new technologies in the existing technological environments, involving the economic, including financial aspects, the power and broader social interests related to existing and new technology systems, and a wide range of other socio-economic factors. Mobile phones are frequently held up as a good example of technologys ability to decrease the development disparity between MEDC’s and LEDC’s. In the economically lower developing world places with poor infrastructure, few forms of transport and dangerous land lines; mobile phones substitute for travel, allow price data to be distributed more quickly and easily, enabling traders to reach wider markets and generally make it easier to do business. The mobile phone is a prime example of a â€Å"leapfrog† technology: it has enabled developing countries to skip the fixed-line technology of the 20th century and move straight to the mobile technology of the 21st. In Afghanistan, the countrys landline network has been torn to bits by 20 years of war. We will write a custom essay sample on Using Named Examples, Assess the Effectiveness of Technologicy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What is left is now out of date and extremely unsafe. To put new wires in the ground would take decades and be prohibitively expensive. Instead, installing a modern mobile phone network is cheaper, quicker and easier. From having limited phones, the wealthy Afghan people are using one of the latest western communications devices. When the mobiles first went on sale in Afghanistan earlier in the year, nearly 400 people have spent $350 for a handset in order to stimulate their businesses or simply to increase their social life. Although the mobile phone technology is cheaper, it is still quite costly and only the rich citizens of the nation’s poverty stricken population can afford the technology. Therefore it is only benefiting the wealthy, who probably could have afforded to repair the landline technology. The term GM food are most commonly used to refer to crop plants created for human or animal consumption using the latest molecular biology techniques. These plants have been modified in the laboratory to enhance desired traits such as increased resistance to herbicides or improved nutritional content. Genetically modified plants have been widely publicised as the future in agriculture. Many believe that it may help improve crop harvests and farm productivity by developing genetically modified crops that can either resist pests or chemicals. But despite the promise that GM crops may offer, there are still doubts that linger among a number of people as well. There are concerns that the introduction of GM crops in developing countries might lead to a reduction in biodiversity, particularly in areas where a crop originated and a wide range of natural genetic variation is found. There might also be unexpected consequences of gene transfer (between plants, for example an uncontrollable ‘escape’ of genes into neighbouring wild plants by pollen. There are also concerns that pests or weeds could acquire resistance to crops. Therefore their effectiveness is questioned and would probably hinder the development process, as developing countries would have to deal with further environmental issues. Furthermore, five agricultural biotechnology corporations now control most of the technology needed to develop GM crops. There are concerns that these companies and those who own property rights have undue influence over the availability of GM crops and the research involved currently only serves the interests of large-scale farmers in developed countries meaning it has very little productivity for the development process – thus increasing the development gap further. However, there are benefits of GM crops that support the development process. Sub Saharan Africa, well known for its arid climate and also known for its development decline can benefit from GM crops as a technological leapfrog. A gene from a plant which can survive prolonged water stress in desert conditions has been introduced into rice, this allows rice to produce a sugar that protects the plant during dehydration, allowing it to survive periods of drought. In addition, crops can be genetically modified to contain additional nutrients that are lacking from the diets of many people in developing countries. One example is Golden Rice, which has been modified to have enhanced levels of Beta-carotene, in order to help to prevent vitamin A deficiency which 14 million children under five suffer clinically from, which can cause childhood blindness. Thus, the GM crop will assist Sub Saharan African countries with the Millennium Development Goal of eradicating poverty and hunger and general deficiency issues, which will therefore contribute to the development process. In conclusion, technological leapfrogging has assisted many developing countries to decrease development disparity with the Global North. Both the mobile phone and GM crop technologies are modern and advanced, allowing developing countries to gain economic, social and environmental benefits. Although there are some issues because it is 21st Century technology there will always be upgraded technology, which means the leapfrogging will only decrease the development gap, not actually balance the core and periphery. z